NRx Pharmaceuticals has reported additional data from Phase IIb/III clinical trial where its drug, Zyesami (aviptadil), offered a rise in blood oxygen within a day in critical Covid-19 patients with acute respiratory failure.
Zyesami is a synthetic form of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), which attaches selectively to the alveolar type II cell (ATII) in the air sac (alveolus) of the lung.
The average difference in respiratory distress ratio was clinically meaningful and statistically significant between patients receiving aviptadil and placebo, NRx noted.
Furthermore, the difference is in line with results from a previous open-label study conducted at Houston Methodist Hospital, US.
Prior data focused on Zyesami’s impact on survival and recovery from respiratory failure at 60 days and its role in averting cytokine storm, or an increase in the inflammatory cytokine interleukin 6 (IL-6).
The updated data has been submitted to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to support potential emergency use authorization for Zyesami.
Moreover, this data is expected to back NRx’s application to the FDA seeking breakthrough therapy designation for the drug.
NRx Pharmaceuticals chairman and CEO professor Jonathan Javitt said: “This latest analysis provides confirmatory evidence that aviptadil improves the lung’s ability to transmit oxygen within a day of initiating treatment.
“The benefit was seen across all patients, all baseline severities, and all types of hospitals.
“We believe this new finding illustrates Zyesami’s mechanism of action in a placebo-controlled trial and supports our application for breakthrough therapy designation to the FDA.”
In animal models of respiratory distress, acute lung injury and inflammation, VIP was found to have potent anti-inflammatory/anti-cytokine activity.
In addition, VIP stimulates ATII cells to create the surfactant that must coat the lungs’ lining to aid in oxygen exchange with the blood.
Surfactant deficit leads to respiratory failure and alveolar collapse, which are characteristics of Covid-19, the company added.
Earlier this month, NRx entered an agreement with MannKind to create a dry powder formulation of Zyesami for the treatment of various respiratory ailments.
